Contents:

• Functional:
  • Talking about the past, expressing desires, tastes, emotions, plans and obligations.
  • Describing objects, places and people, asking for and offering help, giving instructions and recommendations.

• Grammar:
  • Present perfect and past perfect.
  • Near future, verbal periphrases, modal verbs, connectors.
  • Comparatives and superlatives, personal and relative pronouns, basic subjunctive.
• Lexical:
  • Everyday life, travel, housing, health, shopping, leisure, personal relationships.

• Sociocultural:
  • Social norms, courtesy, lifestyle habits, cultural events, cultural differences between Spanish-speaking countries.

Contents:

• Functional:
  • Narrating biographies and past experiences.
  • Talking about habits and changes in life.
  • Expressing opinions, hypotheses and emotions.
  • Giving advice and reacting to problems.
  • Participating in broader social situations.

• Grammar:
  • Past simple / continuous / present perfect.
  • Expressions with the subjunctive (it is possible that, I think it’s fine that…).
  • Verbal periphrases: to finish, to return, to stop.
  • Comparisons: more/less than, as… as.
  • Conditional structures (1st conditional).
  • Verbs of change (to become, to turn into, to come to be).
• Lexical:
  • Biographies, stages of life, professions, personal changes.
  • Everyday problems, advice, emotions.
  • Media, advertisements, messages.
  • Humour, jokes, misunderstandings.

• Sociocultural:
  • Generational differences, interpersonal relationships.
  • Customs and social changes in the Hispanic world.
  • Urban vs. rural life.
  • Humour and informal language.

Contents:

• Functional:
  • Report and narrate past events with temporal coherence.
  • Give and justify opinions in debates and conversations.
  • Express hypotheses, desires, possibilities and conditions.
  • React emotionally to situations or news.
  • Participate in formal situations and resolve misunderstandings.

• Grammar:
  • Past perfect tense, contrasting past tenses.
  • Zero, first and third conditionals.
  • Subjunctive in subordinate clauses: desire, doubt, assessment.
  • Temporal clauses with subjunctive and indicative.
  • Reported speech.
  • Verbal periphrases: seguir + gerund, llevar + participle.

• Lexical:
  • Moods, emotions and personal relationships.
  • Health, wellbeing, body and mind.
  • Media, current affairs and social networks.
  • Culture: cinema, literature, leisure and traditions.
  • Work and professional environment.

• Sociocultural:
  • Rules of courtesy in different Hispanic contexts.
  • Formal vs. informal speech in different countries.
  • Cultural stereotypes and their contrasts.
  • Language in the media, advertising and social media.
  • Linguistic diversity in the Hispanic world.

Contents:

• Functional:
  • Expressing opinions, desires, emotions, and conditions.
  • Assessing situations, making decisions, giving advice.
  • Narrating past experiences and talking about hypothetical events.
  • Expressing certainty, doubt, probability, and assumptions.
  • Arguing, debating, and reformulating ideas.

• Grammatical:
  • Present and imperfect subjunctive in subordinate clauses.
  • Verbal periphrases and modal structures.
  • Reported speech.
  • Present and past conditional.
  • Reflexive passive, impersonal sentences, and structures with ‘se’.

• Lexical:
  • Vocabulary related to everyday life, travel, feelings, communication, society, and culture.
  • Idiomatic expressions and frequent collocations.
  • Synonymy, antonymy, and lexical connotations.

• Sociocultural:
  • Etiquette and behaviour in formal and informal contexts.
  • Cultural customs, festivals, traditions.
  • Social realities of Spanish-speaking countries.

Contents:

• Functional:
  • Arguing, debating and responding to ideas accurately.
  • Expressing probability, doubt and certainty in a nuanced way.
  • Making hypotheses about past, present and future situations.
  • Managing and moderating complex conversations.
  • Expressing emotions and reactions to other people’s experiences.
  • Offering solutions, negotiating agreements and compromises.
  • Giving advice, recommendations and warnings.
  • Introducing nuances of courtesy, diplomacy and attenuation.

• Grammar:
  • • Advanced review of past, present, and future tenses.
  • Subordinate clauses of cause, purpose, concession and consequence.
  • Mixed conditional clauses.
  • Periphrastic and reflexive passive structures.
  • Tense agreement in indirect speech.
  • Expressions of hypothesis with the compound conditional and the pluperfect subjunctive.
  • Verbs to express changes: to remain, to become, to start, to turn into, to arrive at).
  • Complex connectors (on the other hand, however, therefore, hence…).

• Lexical:
  • Vocabulary related to society, economics and current affairs.
  • Vocabulary related to media and technology.
  • Vocabulary related to emotions and feelings.
  • Advanced idiomatic expressions.
  • Resources for nuancing opinions (in my opinion, from my point of view, it seems…).
  • Semantic fields related to personal relationships, conflicts and negotiation.
  • Frequent collocations in a formal or semi-formal register.
  • Vocabulary for expressing temporal and spatial nuances with precision.

• Sociocultural:
  • Cultural diversity in Spanish-speaking countries.
  • Social values, beliefs and stereotypes.
  • Press, social media and public opinion.
  • Protocols of courtesy and ways of addressing people according to context.
  • Work culture and education in the Hispanic world.
  • Artistic expressions and currents of thought.
  • Contemporary social issues and topical debates.

Contents:

• Functional:
  • Debate logically and coherently, introducing nuances and counterarguments.
  • Rephrase, summarise and synthesise other people’s speeches.
  • Moderate debates and group dynamics.
  • Express informed opinions, with references to sources or authority.
  • Justify decisions and positions.
  • Express uncertainty, irony and scepticism.
  • Display language etiquette in formal and professional settings.
  • Suggest, negotiate, and reach consensus on complex matters.
  • Handle interruptions, explanations, and responses in a conversation.

• Grammar:
  • Complete review of tenses (expert use).
  • Complex subordinate clauses (causal, consecutive, concessive, mixed conditional).
  • Advanced agreement (tenses, gender, number, style).
  • Impersonal and periphrastic passive constructions.
  • Verbs of change with nuances (become, turn into, come to be, etc.).
  • Modality resources: periphrases of probability, obligation and supposition.
  • Advanced reported speech and indirect style.
  • Expansion of formal discourse connectors.
  • Rhetorical structures and emphasis resources.
• Lexical:
  • Current affairs vocabulary: politics, economics, culture, environment.
  • Technical and professional vocabulary according to students’ interests.
  • Abstract vocabulary (opinion, values, ethics, morals, complex emotions).
  • High-level idioms and expressions.
  • Nuances and synonyms for lexical precision.
  • Set expressions, complex collocations.
  • Socio-linguistic vocabulary (formal, academic, technical)

• Sociocultural:
  • Current affairs in the Spanish-speaking world
  • Politics, media, social trends
  • Cultural stereotypes and cultural awareness
  • Academic culture: presentations, written work, conference interaction
  • Ethical and cultural debates